AJCN Meta-Analysis on Saturated Fat

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Re: AJCN Meta-Analysis on Saturated Fat

Postby JeffN » Fri Feb 20, 2015 9:07 pm

Saturated fat & breast cancer


Dietary fat and breast cancer mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Brennan SF, Woodside JV, Lunny PM, Cardwell CR, Cantwell MM.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015 Feb 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:25692500

Abstract

Background: The influence of dietary fat upon breast cancer mortality remains largely understudied despite extensive investigation into its influence upon breast cancer risk Objective: To conduct meta-analyses of studies to clarify the association between dietary fat and breast cancer mortality

Design: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for relevant articles published up to March 2012. Risk of all-cause or breast cancer specific death was evaluated by combining multivariable adjusted estimates comparing highest versus lowest categories of intake; and per 20 gram increase in intake of total and/or saturated fat (g/day) using random-effects meta-analyses.

Results: Fifteen prospective cohort studies investigating total fat and/or saturated fat intake (g/day) and breast cancer mortality were included. There was no difference in risk of breast cancer specific death (n = 6; HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.52; P = 0.34) or all cause death (n = 4; HR = 1.73; 95% CI: 0.82, 3.6; P = 0.15) for women in the highest versus lowest category of total fat intake. Breast cancer specific death (n = 5; HR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.24; p <0.01) was higher for women in the highest versus lowest category of saturated fat intake.

Conclusions: These meta-analyses have shown that saturated fat intake negatively impacts upon breast cancer survival.

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Re: AJCN Meta-Analysis on Saturated Fat

Postby JeffN » Sun May 24, 2015 10:52 am

Saturated Fat & Stomach Cancer

Macronutrient intake and stomach cancer.
Hu J, La Vecchia C, Negri E, de Groh M, Morrison H, Mery L; Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group.
Cancer Causes Control. 2015 Jun;26(6):839-47. doi: 10.1007/s10552-015-0557-9. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
PMID: 25791128

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25791128

Abstract

Purpose
This study examines the association between intake of selected macronutrients and the risk of stomach cancer in a Northern American population.

Methods
Mailed questionnaires were completed between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces by 1,181 incident, histologically confirmed cases of stomach cancer and 5,039 population controls. Information on nutrient intake was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were derived through unconditional logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders, including an estimate of total energy intake.

Results
Intakes of total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol were significantly associated with the risk of stomach cancer: The ORs for the highest versus the lowest quartile were 1.58 (95 % CI 1.13–2.20), 1.86 (95 % CI 1.37–2.52), and 1.75 (95 % CI 1.36–2.25), respectively. Total fiber was inversely associated with stomach cancer (p = 0.03). The positive associations with intake of total fat and saturated fat were apparently stronger in women, overweight or obese subjects, and ever smokers. Saturated fat was specifically associated with increased risk of gastric cardia cancer, with an OR of 3.31 (95 % CI 1.48–7.43).

Conclusions
A diet high in saturated fat appears to increase the risk of stomach cancer, particularly among obese subjects and for gastric cardia cancer.
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